Tunisia Key Figures
- Population:
- 12.4 million
- GDP growth rate:
- 2.52 %/year
- Energy independence:
- 45.0%
Data of the last year available: 2022
- Total consumption/GDP:*
- 97.9 (2005=100)
- CO2 Emissions:
- 2.16 tCO2/capita
- Rate of T&D power losses:
- 19.9%
* at purchasing power parity
View all macro and energy indicators in the Tunisia energy report
Tunisia Related News
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Tunisia Related Research
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Total Energy Consumption
The country's per capita consumption is 0.9 toe in 2022, which is 3 times lower than the EU average but average for the region. Its per capita electricity consumption is around 1 550 kWh (2022), also close to the average for North African countries (1 460 kWh).
Total energy consumption stayed stable in 2022 at 11.6 Mtoe (close to its 2017-2019 average), after a 5% drop in 2020 (consequence of the Covid pandemic) and an 8% rebound in 2021. Growth in total consumption has slowed down since 2010, to 1.1%/year over 2010-2019 compared to 3.5%/year between 2000 and 2010.
Interactive Chart Tunisia Total Energy Consumption
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View the detailed fondamentals of the market at country level (graphs, tables, analysis) in the Tunisia energy report
Crude Oil Production
After a rapid increase in 2021 (+23%) due to the commissioning of the Halk el Manzel field, oil production decreased by 14% in 2022 to 1.8 Mt and by 5% in 2023 (preliminary estimates). Since 2007, production has decreased by 6%/year on average. Exceptionally, it increased significantly in 2007 (+39%) through the exploitation of several small wells in southern Tunisia, mainly the offshore field of Oudna (80 km from the coastline in the Gulf of Hammamet, with a production of around 15 kb/d).
Interactive Chart Tunisia Crude Oil Production
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Oil Products Consumption
Oil product consumption has been slightly declining since 2015 (by 0.5%/year), with a 1.7% drop in 2022 to 4.5 Mt. According to preliminary estimates, it dipped again by 3% in 2023. Previously, it had decreased by 3.6%/year between 2007 and 2011 before rising by 7%/year until 2015.
Transport accounts for 52% of this consumption, followed by residential and services sector (22%) and industry (20%) (2022).
Graph: OIL CONSUMPTION (Mt)
Interactive Chart Tunisia Refined Oil Products Production
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Additionally, for more detailed information on refineries, you can request a sample of our EMEA Refineries Dataset
Natural Gas Consumption
Gas consumption decreased by 2% in 2022 to 6.5 bcm, as reduced gas supplies from Algeria limited the demand from the power sector (-8%). According to preliminary estimates, supply limitations contributed to reduce gas consumption again in 2023 (-3%, including -2% for power generation and -6% for final consumption).
Previously, gas consumption doubled between 2000 and 2010 and slowed down between 2010 and 2021 (+0.9%/year) to 6.6 bcm.
Interactive Chart Tunisia Natural Gas Domestic Consumption
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Coal Consumption
Coal consumption has almost completely disappeared. Coal was mainly used in the cement industry, where it was replaced by petroleum coke.
Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION (Mt)
Graph: COAL CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2022, %)
Interactive Chart Tunisia Coal and Lignite Domestic Consumption
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View the detailed consumption trends at country level (graphs, tables, analysis) in the Tunisia energy report
Power Consumption
Electricity consumption is rising rapidly since 2020: by 7.8% in 2021 and 6% in 2022 to reach 19 TWh, after a 6% drop in 2020. It has increased nearly fourfold since 1990.
The residential sector accounts for 33% of consumption, followed by industry (31%) and services (26%) (2022).
Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION (TWh)
Graph: ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION BREAKDOWN BY SECTOR (2022,%)
Renewable in % Electricity Production
In the framework of the Solar Plan, the Parliament adopted a law on renewables in 2015 aimed at covering 12% of its power mix with renewables by 2020 and 35% by 2030 (corresponding to a capacity of 3.8 GW, around 500 MW/year over a period of 8 years and an investment of US$7.1bn between 2016 and 2030, equal to US$294m/year). However, the development of the programme is far behind the initial schedule; with less than 4% of renewables in the power mix in 2020, the 2020 target has not been reached.
Interactive Chart Tunisia Share of Renewables in Electricity Production (incl hydro)
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CO2 Fuel Combustion/CO2 Emissions
In its updated NDC (2021), Tunisia set an unconditional carbon intensity reduction target of 27% in 2030 compared to 2010 levels and a conditional reduction target up to 45% with international support (from 23.4 MtCO2 to 12.9 MtCO2). The total budget for reaching the mitigation targets is estimated at around US$14.4bn.